Which statement best describes the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

The statement correctly identifies that a hypothesis is a testable prediction, often arising from theoretical frameworks, while a theory represents a well-substantiated explanation that integrates numerous findings and principles. Hypotheses are typically formulated to be tested through experimentation or observation; they propose a specific relationship or outcome that researchers can evaluate. Theories, on the other hand, are broader in scope, built on a substantial body of evidence that has withstood rigorous testing and scrutiny over time.

In the context of scientific inquiry, while hypotheses can be supported or refuted through empirical evidence, theories aim to explain and unify these findings, providing a coherent understanding of complex phenomena. This distinction highlights the progression of scientific knowledge, as hypotheses may contribute to the development of theories when repeatedly validated and integrated into the broader context of existing research.