What is the main purpose of correlational studies?

The primary purpose of correlational studies is to examine the relationship between two or more variables. These studies allow researchers to determine if a change in one variable is associated with a change in another variable, providing valuable information on how variables relate to each other. However, it is important to note that while correlational studies can show that variables are related, they do not imply that one variable causes the change in the other. This is a key aspect of understanding correlational studies, as they can reveal patterns and trends within data without determining direct causality.

In contrast, manipulating variables to observe the effects pertains to experimental designs, not correlational studies. Similarly, establishing causation requires rigorous testing often conducted through experiments, which is not the focus of correlational research. Finally, while correlations can be conducted with large populations, this is not the defining characteristic of correlational studies; the essence lies in examining relationships, not the population size. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for interpreting research methodologies in psychology.