What is a research question?

A research question is a clearly defined inquiry that guides the focus and direction of a study. It articulates what the researcher aims to explore or understand, serving as the foundation for the entire research process. This question shapes the methodology, determines the type of data to be collected, and ultimately influences how the findings will contribute to the existing body of knowledge.

In research, a well-formulated question is essential because it helps to identify gaps in the literature, guides the selection of research methods, and informs the development of hypotheses. A clear research question ensures that the study remains focused and relevant, making it easier for readers to understand the purpose and significance of the research.

Other options do not accurately capture the definition of a research question. For instance, while hypotheses are related to research questions, they represent specific, testable predictions rather than guiding inquiries. Similarly, random statements or untestable claims do not provide the structured framework necessary for formal research, as they lack clarity and a defined purpose.